Free trade means fair trade, and the West has been wholly unfair in its treatment of Chinese vehicles. The PRC is leading the world in EV research and development, and there's great demand for their vehicles. China must retaliate against the EU's unfair move by instituting its own tariffs. The market, not the West, picks the winners and losers.
Unlike the EU, China cheats the system by unfairly subsiding their automakers — allowing them to flood the market at rock-bottom prices. This is a matter of one country trying to snuff out the development of a domestic EV industry in another. Until China plays by the rules and stops giving their vehicles an unfair leg-up, these tariffs will remain in effect.
There's a 50% chance that at least 89.6% of new car sales in China will be electric in 2035, according to the Metaculus prediction community.