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The primary driver of falling fertility rates is the decline of marriage as a social convention. In America alone, research suggests that 75% of the decline in fertility since 2007 is due to falling marriage rates, as those who did marry had children just like their parents and grandparents. Consequently, the solution is a pro-marriage agenda that provides economic support and opportunities for young people who choose to tie the knot.
There's a 50% chance that the global fertility rate will be at least 1.8 children per woman in 2050, according to the Metaculus prediction community.