The world now stands on the brink of a renewed nuclear arms race. As tensions rise between major powers, the US, Russia, and China are modernizing and expanding their nuclear arsenals. The once-diminished specter of nuclear conflict looms large again, with leaders openly discussing the possibility of using such weapons. This alarming shift threatens to unravel decades of disarmament progress, potentially leading to a more unstable and dangerous world. Nations face critical decisions about nuclear policy that could dramatically escalate global tensions or, conversely, de-escalate it. We are at an old crossroads again.