Their research, published in 2005, fundamentally changed the understanding of how mRNA interacts with the immune system, laying the foundation for the rapid development of effective vaccines against COVID-19.On Monday, the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, awarded US scientists Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun the 2024 Nobel Prize in Medicine for discovering microRNA and its essential role in multicellular organism growth and survival.
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While mRNA vaccines have shown effectiveness against COVID-19, concerns have been raised about potential side effects, particularly the risk of myocarditis in young men. The technology is still relatively new, and long-term effects remain unknown. More research is needed to fully understand the safety profile and potential applications of mRNA-based therapies.